# Anaesthetic Services > Anaesthetic Services is a Melbourne-based group of specialist anaesthetists, all FANZCA, providing anaesthetic care to Victorian patients. This file is an llmstxt.org-style index for AI agents and crawlers. Each link below has a Markdown sibling reachable by appending `.md` to its URL (or by following `` on the HTML version). ## Key pages - [Anaesthetic Services — Melbourne](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/index.md): Anaesthetic Services is a Melbourne-based group of specialist anaesthetists, all FANZCA, providing anaesthetic care across Victorian hospitals. - [Who We Are](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/about.md): Anaesthetic Services is a group of Victorian anaesthetists, all Fellows of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, providing pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative care. - [Anaesthetic Fees](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/fees.md): Information about anaesthetic fees, gap payments, fee estimates, account types, and payment methods at Anaesthetic Services. - [History of Anaesthetic Services](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/history.md): Anaesthetic Services traces its history to 1962, when three Melbourne junior doctors combined their administrative requirements to provide anaesthetics to Melbourne patients. - [Contact Us](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/contact.md): Contact Anaesthetic Services in Richmond, Melbourne — phone, email, and postal address. Office hours Monday to Friday, 8:30am to 5:00pm. - [Book an Anaesthetist](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/book.md): Surgeons, obstetricians and proceduralists can use this page to book an anaesthetist from Anaesthetic Services for a case or operating list. - [Patient Privacy](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/privacy.md): ANAESTHETIC SERVICES PRIVACY POLICY Anaesthetic Services are committed to protecting your right to privacy. The personal information we collect is handled in accordance with the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth), the Privacy Amendment Act 2018, and the Australian Privacy Principles. This Privacy Policy explains why we collect details about your health, how this information is collected and used, ## Anaesthetists - [Dr Jane Anderson](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-anderson.md): MBBS (Hons), FANZCA, GDHtlh&MedLaw - [A/Prof Pierre Bradley](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-p-bradley.md): Pierre is in the Airway Management Special Interest Group, and works as a Specialist Anaesthetist in Melbourne, including at the Alfred Hospital. He is an Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor at Monash University - [Dr Andrew Burch](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-burch.md): MBBS, MMed (Critical Care Medicine), FANZCA - [Dr Michelle Chan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-m-chan.md): MBBS (Melb), BMedSc, FANZCA - [Dr Georgina Christelis](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-g-christelis.md): Georgina’s profile will be available soon. - [Dr Eugene Cohen](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-e-cohen.md): MBBS, FANZCA, FCICM - [Dr Ben Di Luca](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-b-di-luca.md): MBBS (Melbourne University) 1996, FANZCA 2005 - [Dr Alister Ford](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-ford.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Doron Gradstein](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-d-gradstein.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr James Griffiths](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-griffiths.md): James is an anaesthetist whose clinical interests include anaesthesia for obstetrics, neurosurgery, plastic and reconstructive surgery and ophthalmological surgery. - [Dr Tom Grosser-Kennedy](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-t-grosser-kennedy.md): FANZCA, MBBS, Masters in Medicine – Critical Care - [Dr Josh Hargrove](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-hargrove.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Ian Hogarth](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-ian-hogarth.md): Ian is an anaesthetist whose clinical interests are diverse, and is skilled in several anaesthetic techniques and environments. - [Dr Josh Hoppe](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-hoppe.md): MBBS (Hons), FANZCAM - [Dr Robert Joffe](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-r-joffe.md): BBiomed, MD, FANZCA - [Dr Kaylee Jordan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-k-jordan.md): MBBS (Hons), DRANZCOG, FANZCA - [Dr Sherman Lee](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-lee.md): MBBS (Hons), FANZCA - [Dr John Leou](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-leou.md): BBMED, MD, MPH - [Dr Graham Lethbridge](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-graham-lethbridge.md): Graham is an anaesthetist with diverse clinical interest and a wide range of experience. - [Dr Gail Littlejohn](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-g-e-littlejohn.md): MBBS Melbourne University 1973, FFARACS 1980, Fellow of Australian and New Zealand of Anaesthetists 1992 - [Dr Mark MacLennan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-m-l-maclennan.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Nin Manivasagan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-n-manivasagan.md): MBBS (Hons), FANZCA - [Dr Ryan McMullan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-r-mcmullan.md): MBBS (Melb), BMedSci, FANZCA - [Dr Alan Meads](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-meads.md): FANZCA - [Dr Chris Moran](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-c-moran.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Bradley O’Connor](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-b-oconnor.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Pieter Peach](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-p-peach.md): MBBS, BSc Hons, MPH - [Dr Frances Perret](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-f-perret.md): MBBS (Hons), FANZCA, Dip. Obs. (RANZCOG) - [Dr Laurie Poon](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-l-poon.md): MBBS, FANZCA, Post Dip Echo (Melb) - [Dr Fabian Purcell](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-f-purcell.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Simon Reilly](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-d-reilly.md): MBBS (Melbourne University) 1982, Dip Anaesthesia (London) 1986, FFARACS 1992 - [Dr Andrew Rubinfeld](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-l-rubinfeld.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Karl Ruhl](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-k-ruhl.md): MBBS (UNSW), FANZCA - [Dr Christopher Scarff](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-c-w-scarff.md): Christopher is an anaesthetist with public appointments at St Vincent's Hospital and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, with a special interest in regional anaesthesia. - [Dr Hannah Shoemaker](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-h-shoemaker.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Lyndon Siu](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-l-siu.md): MBBS (Melb), FANZCA - [Dr Stuart Skyrme-Jones](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-c-skyrme-jones.md): MB BS (London) 1981, FRCA (Eng) 1986, FANZCA 1987 - [Dr Thomas Tan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-t-s-h-tan.md): MBBS (Monash University 1984), FFA RACS 1992, FANZCA 1992 - [Dr Rod Tayler](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-r-tayler.md): - [Dr Darren Teoh](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-d-c-teoh.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Ben Towell](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-b-towell.md): Ben’s profile will be available soon - [Dr Alan Tse](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-tse.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Justin Watts](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-watts.md): MBBS, FANZCA - [Dr Tim Webb](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-t-g-webb.md): Bachelor Science (Monash), 1985, B.M.B.S (Flinders University), 1991, F.A.N.Z.C.A. ( July 2000 ) ### Alumni - [Dr Steve Chester](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-c-chester.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr Patricia Goonetilleke](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-p-goonetilleke.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr Mary Anne Holland](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-m-holland.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr Stephen Hur](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-p-hur.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr Scott Nicolson](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-s-i-j-nicolson.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr John O’Sullivan](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-j-c-osullivan.md): John is a full time private anaesthetist whose interests include anaesthesia for orthopaedic, ENT, faciomaxillary, and vascular procedures. - [Dr Arthur Penberthy](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-a-j-penberthy.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. - [Dr Peter Snider](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/our-anaesthetists/dr-p-d-snider.md): Former member of Anaesthetic Services. ## Patient information articles - [Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-caesarean-section.md): The following text outlines the types of anaesthesia available for caesarean section. Your anaesthetist will see you and discuss your general health, progress of your pregnancy and anaesthetic with you in more detail. You can also obtain more information from your obstetrician, midwife and antenatal classes. This text is intended to provide information only. Please - [Anaesthesia for Children](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-children.md): Specialist Anaesthetists try to reduce the anxiety to you and that of your child. We understand that this time can be stressful. It helps if you are candid and provide your child information about the surgery and the anaesthesia. It is preferable that your child does not know you are anxious, as this can upset - [Anaesthesia for Gynaecological Surgery](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-gynaecological-surgery.md): Anaesthetic Consultations Most patients will be seen either on the day of surgery or the night before. If you have had problems with anaesthesia in the past, if there is a family history of significant anaesthetic problems or if you have significant medical problems you should see your anaesthetist at an earlier time. Your - [Anaesthesia for lower limb joint replacement](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-lower-limb-joint-replacement.md): Anaesthesia for lower limb joint replacement can be approached a number of different ways. The commonest anaesthesia provided for these procedures is a spinal anaesthetic, combined with either a general anaesthetic or sedation (depending on a number of factors including patient preference and coexisting medical conditions). Different levels of monitoring are also required depending on - [Anaesthesia for Major Hip Surgery](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-major-hip-surgery.md): The aims of anaesthesia for major hip surgery include: 1. Anaesthesia – a state of controlled unconsciousness throughout the operation 2. Analgesia – pain relief for the patient throughout the operation, aiming to reduce the stress response to surgical stimulation 3. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis 4. Prevention of pressure areas / nerve damage from prolonged positioning 5. Post-operative analgesia - [Anaesthesia for Major Knee Surgery](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-major-knee-surgery.md): The aims of anaesthesia for major knee surgery (including joint replacement) include: 1. Anaesthesia – a state of controlled unconsciousness throughout the operation 2. Analgesia – pain relief for the patient throughout the operation, aiming to reduce the stress response to surgical stimulation 3. Prevention of deep vein thrombosis 4. Prevention of pressure areas / nerve damage from prolonged - [Anaesthesia for Oral / Maxillofacial Surgical Procedures](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/anaesthesia-for-omfs-procedures.md): Surgery performed within the mouth is known as oral surgery. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons, dental surgeons and dentists all perform oral surgery. Minor procedures such as a simple tooth extraction are usually performed with a local anaesthetic administered by the dentist in the dental surgery. However more invasive or complex surgical procedures often require intravenous sedation - [Arm blocks for upper limb surgery](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/arm-blocks-for-upper-limb-surgery.md): Your scheduled surgery may require an arm block, which is an injection of local anaesthetic solution around the nerves of your arm or shoulder which will mean that you will experience much less pain after your surgery. This will be done by your anaesthetist in the operating theatre a short time before surgery, often after - [Epidural Pain Relief for Childbirth](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/epidural-pain-relief-during-childbirth.md): An epidural provides very effective pain relief for women in labour. If you are planning your birth, it's important to consider knowing about epidurals before labour, as it's a challenging conversation to have when you are in significant pain during labour. In addition to the details about epidurals below, extra information is also available from - [Fasting Guidelines](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/fasting-guidelines.md): How long to fast before an anaesthetic — 6 hours for food, 4 hours for breast milk, 2 hours for water — and the different preparation needed if you take a GLP-1 medication such as Ozempic. - [Managing Acute Pain](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/managing-acute-pain.md): The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists have developed a brochure entitled "Managing Acute Pain - A guide for Patients", which is available below. Whilst now a little dated, it is very comprehensive, and may be particularly useful for patients to read prior to undergoing surgery. - [Medications and Anaesthesia](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/medications-and-anaesthesia.md): Which medicines to continue, stop or have reviewed before an anaesthetic — including blood thinners, anti-inflammatories, diabetes medication and GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic. - [Sedation Anaesthesia](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/sedation-anaesthesia.md): For your surgical procedure you will be attended by a anaesthetist who will administer agents to make you relaxed and sleepy. A needle will be inserted into a vein in your arm or hand after you come into surgery. Oxygen will be given via a mask and monitors attached to you. Drugs which relax and sedate - [Smoking and Anaesthesia](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/articles/smoking-and-anaesthesia.md): Summary: It would be ideal for you to quit smoking. If you cannot do this, reduce the amount you smoke. You should not smoke on the day of surgery. Smoking not only has harmful effects on general health but can also increase the risk when having anaesthesia and surgery. Smoking is associated with heart disease, peripheral ## FAQs - [Frequently asked questions](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/faqs.md): aggregated FAQ page covering all questions below. - [Can I request an estimate of fees?](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/faqs.md#can-i-request-an-estimate-of-fees) - [How are anaesthetic fees calculated?](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/faqs.md#how-are-anaesthetic-fees-calculated) - [Payment of Anaesthetic Fees](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/faqs.md#payment-of-anaesthetic-fees) - [What account will you receive for your anaesthetic?](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/faqs.md#what-account-will-you-receive) ## Optional - [Sitemap](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/sitemap-index.xml): full list of HTML URLs. - [Source: WordPress site (legacy)](https://www.anaestheticservices.com.au/): the original site this content was migrated from.